Trayectorias Humanas Trascontinentales is the scientific digital journal of the International Network Latin America, Africa, Europe, the Caribbean (ALEC) “Territories, Vulnerable Populations and Public Policies” whose headquarters are at the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences of the University of Limoges (France).
SI N° 13 | 2024
El pseudo-concepto de la “Alienación Parental” y su impacto en el mundo en las mujeres y los niños
The pseudo-concept of "Parental Alienation" and its impact on the world on women and children
Directed by Alexandra Correa Solarte et Gladys Solarte Mancipe
Published on line 26 September 2024
The pseudo-concept of “Parental Alienation” was coined in 1985 by the American doctor Richard Alan Gardner, author of Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS), a childhood disorder that, according to him, arises in the context of divorces and child custody disputes.
Now, this SAP, which is not accepted by the international scientific community, is not cataloged in the Classification International Diseases of the World Health Organization, nor is it included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or endorsed by the American Psychological or Psychiatric Association. Nor is it by the UN, the OAS nor by the committee of experts of the Follow-up Mechanism of the Belém do Pará Convention (MESECVI, 2004, 2022).
This, in particular, has urged the States Parties to the Convention to carry out investigations to determine the “existence of violence against women and to explicitly prohibit, during said judicial processes, evidence that seek to discredit testimony based on parental alienation syndrome, as recommended in the 'Declaration on Violence against Women, Girls and Adolescents and their Sexual and Reproductive Rights'”.
The use of this pseudoscience also does not comply with the recommendations of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) nor is it validated by international institutions such as the European Parliament (2022), in the extent to which it can be considered as a strategy against victims of domestic violence.
For her part, in the report released in May 2023 at the 53rd Assembly, the United Nations Special Rapporteur On violence against women and girls, its causes and consequences, Reem Alsalem highlights that “In several countries, family courts have tended to view [the] allegations [of physical or sexual abuse] as a deliberate attempt of the mother to manipulate her children to separate them from the father, which can translate into double victimization of the victims of said violence.”
N° 17 | 2024
Retos y perspectivas del derecho a la salud en un mundo globalizado
Challenges and perspectives of the right to health in a globalized world
Directed by Laura Cortes Sanabria
Published on line 09 April 2024
Health is a universal human right and, by definition, an obvious extension of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. According to the World Health Organization, this right refers to the "highest attainable standard of health". However, to achieve this maximum, it requires interrelation with other human rights, such as the rights to food, housing, work, education, nondiscrimination, access to information and participation.
The right to health is supported by international agreements and treaties, such as the United Nations International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The right to health implies guaranteeing equitable access to quality health services, without discrimination and with the participation and informed consent of individuals.
From an international perspective, public health policies should be aligned with the right to health. In addition, governments must ensure that health policies respect and protect human rights, including the right to health.
Universal access to healthcare is an important goal for many nations around the world. Universal access to health policies focuses on ensuring that all individuals can access health care, essential medicines and preventive services.
However, there are currently several challenges to achieve equitable and universal access to the right to health, especially within the context of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, such as inequality and inequity in health, economic barriers due to the lack of efficient financing schemes, high cost of health services especially for populations in situations of poverty, lack of geographic access, cultural and linguistic differences, lack of health education, fragmented health systems, and others.
Overcoming these challenges requires the commitment and collaboration of governments, international organizations, the scientific community, civil society and other relevant actors. Therefore, this 17th issue of TraHs aims to identify barriers and challenges that affect equitable access to health in a global context, as well as to highlight opportunities and approaches that can help overcome the challenges identified. This involves assessing best practices and innovative approaches that are being implemented in different parts of the world, as well as identifying areas where greater focus and action is required.