EST analysis of functional genes associated with cell wall biosynthesis and modification in the secondary xylem of the yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) stem during early stage of tension wood formation

The interesting paper on yellow poplar from Jin et al. (2011) untitled: EST analysis of functional genes associated with cell wall biosynthesis and modification in the secondary xylem of the yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) stem during early stage of tension wood formation published in Planta.
A cDNA library was constructed from secondary xylem in the stem of a 2-year-old yellow poplar after being bent for 6 h with a 45° configuration to isolate genes related to cell wall modification during the early stages of tension wood formation. A total of 6,141 ESTs were sequenced to generate a database of 5,982 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs). These sequences were clustered into 1,733 unigenes, including 822 contigs and 911 singletons. Homologs of the genes regulate many aspects of secondary xylem development, including those for primary and secondary metabolism, plant growth hormones, transcription factors, cell wall biosynthesis and modification, and stress responses. Although there were only 1,733 annotated ESTs (28.9%), the annotated ESTs obtained in this study provided sequences for a broad array of transcripts expressed in the stem upon mechanical bending, and the majority of them were the first representatives of their respective gene families in Liriodendron tulipifera. In the case of lignin, xylem-specific COMTs were identified and their expressions were significantly downregulated in the tension wood-forming tissues. Additionally, the majority of the auxin- and BR-related genes were downregulated significantly in response to mechanical bending treatment. Despite the small number of ESTs sequenced in this study, many genes that are relevant to cell wall biosynthesis and modification have been isolated. Expression analysis of selected genes allow us to identify the regulatory genes that may perform essential functions during the early stages of tension wood formation and associated cell wall modification.
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Characterization of metaproteomics in crop rhizospheric soil

This not a nice paper, but the approach is very interesting. Using protein expression, and especially 2D-electrophoresis to determin the biodiversity of microfauna and micro flora of the soil. In this paper the author discuss about the different method for best set of protein extraction
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Cell wall cellulose fibrils orientation and plant development

Burgert and Fratzl have publish a paper which explain the importance of cellulose fibrlils orientation on plant cell development : Plants control the properties and actuation of their organs through the orientation of cellulose fibrils in their cell walls
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XVII Congress of the Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology

 The Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology (FESPB) orgenize his congres in Valencia, Spain on 4-9 July 2010. The Congress is organised by SEFV, the Sociedad Española de Fisiología Vegetal. The scientific programme of the FESPB 2010 will cover most aspects of modern plant biology. For more information: http://www.geyseco.es/fespb/
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Un chêne de 13000 ans

Un chêne survit depuis 13 000 ans sur une colline de CalifornieLE MONDE | 01.01.10 | 14h24  •  Mis à jour le 01.01.10 | 14h25 C'est l'un des êtres vivants les plus vieux de la planète, mais il ne paie pas de mine : le gland de chêne de Palmer dont l'arbuste est issu a germé il y a probablement plus de 13 000 ans sur une colline de Californie, alors que la dernière ère glaciaire touchait à sa fin. Il a survécu jusqu'à aujourd'hui aux sécheresses et aux coups de foudre, non sous la forme majestueuse qu'on prête aux arbres du genre Quercus, mais sous celle d'un modeste buisson de 28 mètres par 5, ne dépassant pas 1 mètre de haut. S'il a retenu l'attention des chercheurs, c'est parce qu'il était le seul de son espèce dans un environnement aussi sec, et à si basse altitude (336 mètres), alors que ses pareils s'épanouissent généralement entre 900 et 1 500 mètres. Les scientifiques ont fait l'hypothèse que l'ensemble des repousses émanait d'un clone unique. Une analyse génétique a montré que c'était bien le cas. Restait à déterminer son ancienneté. Impossible d'utiliser la datation au radiocarbone : les termites avaient dévoré tout le bois mort. Mais, en évaluant sa croissance annuelle à partir de cernes de branches, les chercheurs ont estimé à au moins 13 000 ans le laps de temps qui lui a été nécessaire pour coloniser le fragment de colline où il a pris racine. Il y a peu de chance qu'il y subsiste encore longtemps : la ville est à ses pieds et grignote les alentours. Le chêne de Jurupa (du nom de la colline) surclasse en ancienneté Prometheus, un pin Bristlecone du Nevada vieux de 5 000 ans. Mais, dans sa catégorie des arbres "clonaux", il reste un jeunot par rapport à des peupliers faux-trembles de l'Utah : couvrant 40 hectares de forêt, ils sont issus d'un même système racinaire évalué à plus de... 80 000 ans.
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